ak47 vs m4

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Ak47 Vs M4

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Ak 47 Vs Ar 15

Of course, I'd rather not shoot either, but if I had to choose, I'd take an AK-47 round over an M4 any day of the week. To add a note to this statement, I'm talking relatively close - say up to 150-200 meters.

Decomposing this equation into its components, we have the kinetic energy (KE), which is affected by the mass (M) of the penetrating missile as well as the velocity (V) of the missile.

This makes sense; It stands to reason that a heavier, faster missile will do more damage than a lighter, slower one. It is important to understand the relative effect of mass and velocity on kinetic energy, as this is key to understanding why I would rather be shot by an AK than an M4.

You will notice that the mass component of the KE equation is halved, while the velocity component is squared. This is why projectile velocity has a much greater effect on the energy it delivers to the target than mass.

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The V1-V2 component of the equation takes into account that the projectile may travel directly through the target instead of stopping on the target.

In this case, the change in velocity of the projectile as it passes through the target (V1 is its velocity as it enters and V2 is its velocity as it exits) is a factor that is taken into account when calculating how much energy the missile delivers. to the target

Of course, if the projectile stops at the target (ie no exit wound), then V2 is zero and the velocity of the projectile as it arrives (V1) is used to calculate the KE.

That's enough physics for now, but you get the idea that the optimal projectile to shoot is one with decent mass; it is very, very fast; and is guaranteed to rest

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Your target so that you can dissipate as much energy as possible into it and thus deal as much damage as possible.

The next concept is permanent cavitation vs temporary cavitation. Permanent cavitation is a hole left in the target by a projectile passing through it. You can think of it simply as a sharp stick being pushed through an object, leaving a hole the size of the diameter of the stick.

The permanent cavity left by the bullet is proportional to the surface area of ​​the bullet as it passes through the tissue.

For example, if an AK-47 round 7.62mm in diameter at its widest point passes cleanly through the target, it will leave a permanent 7.62mm round cavity.

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Below is a slow motion video of the Brass Fetcher showing a 5.56x45mm round (same as the M4 rounds) hitting ballistic gelatin in slow motion.

After seeing, the doctor can begin to appreciate the tissue damage caused by the temporary cavitation pressure wave.

I've had the opportunity to treat dozens of high-velocity missile wounds during my years in the military, and I've seen firsthand the effect different rifle calibers can have at different distances, hitting different parts of the body. Of course, many variables come into play when someone is shot, and no two gunshot wounds will be the same.

The purpose of this article is not to draw academic conclusions about the ballistics of the AK-47 and M4, or to argue the merits of one ammunition over the other; aims to introduce the concepts of different wound profiles of permanent and temporary cavities through some case studies.

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Below are two examples I participated in that illustrate a comparative study of an AK-47 holster and an M4 holster that hit roughly the same anatomical location from roughly the same range (150-200 yards in these cases).

In this series of images you can see a particularly nasty M4 bullet wound with a small entry wound in the lower right buttock and a massive exit wound in the right thigh.

The X-ray in the last image shows that the projectile struck the top of the femur and destroyed the bone, sending secondary bone fragments flying through the tissues and forming the bulk of the exit wound.

The damage caused by the pressure wave in the temporal cavity can be seen in the first photo, where the deep bruises extend to the buttocks and lower back of the injured person. This hematoma was caused by the energy scattered through the tissues crushing the small blood vessels in its path (recall the ballistic gelatin video to imagine what happened to the tissues).

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The granular material seen on the x-ray in the center of the thigh wound is an older generation QuikClot Advanced Coagulation Sponge (ACS) that was placed at the injury site to control bleeding to an excellent degree. The bright white fragments visible on the X-ray are small pieces of the bullet that have broken off upon impact with tissue and bone. This is another feature of the M4 casing that makes it even more unpleasant to shoot: the bullet tends to disintegrate if it hits tissue at a reasonable speed.

Despite being jacketed, because it is smaller, lighter and faster than an AK-47, the 5.56mm tends to deflect faster when it hits tissue. Shear forces on the bullet as it travels 90 degrees through the tissue tend to break the bullet into pieces, creating multiple smaller projectiles and increasing the chance that all parts of the bullet will remain on target and dissipate more energy.

The AK-47 round, being a little heavier and slower than the M4, tends to stay intact when it hits tissue, and even though it penetrates deeper, it tends to stay intact and not vibrate until it penetrates much deeper than the M4.

Here is an AmmoChannel video of a 7.62x39mm AK-47 bullet fired at ballistic gelatin compared to the previous video of a 5.56x45mm (M4) round. While the video shows a soft-point round in use, which in theory should be more destructive than the all-metal counterpart, the video illustrates well the significant penetration of the AK-47 cartridge without significantly warping or disintegrating.

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I once saw a good case study that illustrates this point where a victim had an AK-47 bullet wound to the right lateral thigh and we found an intact bullet inside his upper left abdominal wall. It had passed a meter or so of his tissues and ruptured his small intestine, but the projectile had not fragmented at all and the temporary cavitation had not caused enough damage to be lethal. The victim required a laparotomy to remove several sections of his small intestine, but recovered well. That's a story for another time.

The next photo is of a good friend of mine who was shot by an AK-47 from about 200 yards while standing next to me!

Fortunately, the bullet passed clean and after a surgical debridement of the wound in the afternoon, he showed up ready for work the next day. We believe hard where it comes from!

The photo was taken a few days after the wound and the temporal cavity hematoma of the bullet can be seen in the path of the bullet.

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The entry wound is in the upper left buttock, with the exit wound down the upper left thigh. While the wound is unpleasant, the fact that the AK-47 round traveled slower than the M4 round at the same distance, combined with the fact that the bullet remained intact and did not wobble significantly as it passed through, amounted to a wound. it was not as devastating as the aforementioned M4 injury in the same area.

However, it should be noted that the comparison is far from perfect, as the M4 injury involved bone, and the immediately preceding one only went through soft tissue.

So there it is. All things being equal, I'd rather be shot with an AK-47 than an M4 any day of the week. Of course, as medical personnel, it's always important to treat the wound, not the rifle, and I've certainly seen some horrific AK-47 wounds over the years and some relatively minor M4 wounds. It all depends.

Key points for first responders and medics are: Be aware of the magnitude of temporary cavitation damage from high-velocity missile wounds, and if you find an entry wound, it's impossible to know where it is.

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