Alaska Class Cruisers - USS Alaska was the flagship of the Alaska-class heavy cruisers that served with the United States Navy during World War II. She was the first of two ships of her class to complete it, followed only by Guam; Another four ships were ordered but not completed before the war began. Alaska was the third US Navy ship to be named after the state of Alaska and assigned hull number CB-1. On 17 December 1941, a few days after the end of the American war, she was launched in August 1943 by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation at Camden, New Jersey, and commissioned in June 1944. It had a battery of nine 12 (300 mm) guns in three triple turrets and a top speed of 33 kn (61 km/h; 38 mph).
Being commissioned late in the war, Alaska saw relatively limited service. She participated in operations at Iwo Jima and Okinawa in February–July 1945, including providing anti-aircraft defense for various carrier task forces and conducting limited maritime bombardment operations. He shot down several Japanese aircraft off Okinawa, including a possible Ohka piloted missile. In July–August 1945, she participated in sweeps for Japanese shipping in East China and the Yellow Sea. After the war, he assisted in the occupation of Korea and the return of US Army troops to the United States. She was decommissioned in February 1947 and placed in reserve, where she remained until she was killed in 1960 and sold for scrap the following year.
Alaska Class Cruisers
Alaska was 808 ft 6 in (246.43 m) long overall and had a beam of 91 ft 1 in (27.76 m) and 31 ft 10 in (9.70 m). She carried 29,779 long tons (30,257 t) as designed and 34,253 long tons (34,803 t) at full load. The ship had a flush deck with a flared bow and a round cruiser stern. She had a large superstructure with an armored conning tower with a tall tower mast that fitted a smaller, secondary conning position.
Des Moines Class Cruiser
The aircraft was powered by four sets of Geral electric gear steam turbines, each driving a screw propeller. Steam for the turbines was generated by eight oil-fired Babcock and Wilcox water tube boilers, which were drawn through a large funnel located amidships. The propulsion system was rated to produce 150,000 shaft horsepower (110,000 kW), with a maximum speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). The ship has a range of 12,000 nautical miles (22,000 km; 14,000 mi) cruising at a speed of 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph).
The ship was armed with nine 12-inch (305 mm) L/50 Mark 8 guns in three triple gun turrets, two super-firing pairs forward and one aft of the superstructure.
The secondary battery consisted of twelve 5-inch (127 mm) L/38 dual-purpose guns in six twin turrets. Two setters were placed in line with the main battery towers, fore and aft, and the remaining four were placed at the corners of the turret superstructure. The light anti-aircraft battery consisted of 56 quad-mounted 40 mm (1.6 in) Bofors guns and 34 single-mounted 20 mm (0.79 in) Oerlekin guns.
A pair of Mk 34 gun directors assisted the gun emplacement for the main battery, while two Mk 37 directors manned the 5-inch guns and Mk 57 directors supported the 40 mm guns.
The Alaska Class Battlecruiser War Not Quite A Battleship
The main armor belt was 9 inches (229 mm) thick in the central part of the hull, where it reduced to 5 inches where it saved space for the propulsion machinery and ammunition magazines. The main armor deck was 4 inches (102 mm) thick. Her conning tower received 10.6 inches (270 mm) of armor plate on the sides. The gun turrets were 12.8 inches (325 mm) thick.
On December 17, 1941, he was buried in the New York Ship Building in Camdie, New Jersey. Sponsored by Dorothy Smith Graves, wife of Alaska Governor Ernest Graves, she was launched on August 15, 1943, after which fitting out work began. The ship was completed in June 1944 and Captain Peter K. Joined the US Navy on June 17 under Fischler's command.
After she was done, Alaska steamed to Hampton Roads, escorted by the destroyers Simpson and Broome. The ship was scheduled for shakedown cruises, first in Chesapeake Bay and in the Caribbean off Trinidad. On the cruise, she was escorted by the destroyers Bainbridge and Decatur. After completing the cruise, Alaska returned to the Philadelphia Navy Yard for some minor modifications, including the installation of four Mk 57 fire control directors for her 5-inch guns. On 12 November, she joined the destroyer-mainlayer Thomas A. Fraser's company left Philadelphia, bound for a two-week sea trial at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. On December 2, she left Cuba for the Pacific, transited the Panama Canal two days later, and arrived in San Diego on December 12. There his gun crews were trained in beach bombardment and anti-aircraft fire.
On January 8, 1945, Alaska departed California for Hawaii, arriving at Pearl Harbor on January 13. There he participated in further training and was assigned to Task Group 12.2, which departed for Ulithi on 29 January. The task group arrived from Oli on 6 February and merged with Task Group 58.5, part of Task Force 58, a fast carrier task force. Task Group 58.5 was assigned to provide anti-aircraft defense for aircraft carriers; Alaska was assigned to the carriers Terreprise and Saratoga. The plane left for Japan on February 10 to carry out air raids on Tokyo and nearby airfields. The Japanese did not attack the convoy during the operation. Alaska was transferred to Task Group 58.4 and assigned to support the attack on Iwo Jima. She served with ships off Iwo Jima for nineteen days, after which she had to return to Ole to refuel and resupply.
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Alaska remained with TG 58.4 for the Battle of Okinawa. She was assigned to destroy the carriers Yorktown and Intrepid; The aircraft departed Uleti on March 14 and arrived in its operational area southeast of Kyushu four days later. The first air raid on Okinawa began that day, claiming 17 Japanese aircraft destroyed on the ground. Here, Alaska finally saw war, as the Japanese launched a massive air attack on American aircraft. Her anti-aircraft guns destroyed a Yokosuka P1Y bomber attempting to ram Intrepid. Shortly after, Alaska was warned that American ships were nearby. After about 10 minutes, his gunners saw an unidentified ship, which threatened them; They shot down a Grumman F6F Hellcat fighter, although the pilot was injured. Later that afternoon, Alaska shot down another Japanese bomber, a Yokosuka D4Y.
The next day, the carrier Franklin was badly damaged by several bombings and kamikazes. Alaska and her sister Guam, two other cruisers, and several destroyers were separated to form Task Group 58.2.9 to retrieve the disabled Franklin from Ole. While returning to port, another D4Y bomber attacked Franklin, although the ships were unable to hit it. A shot from a 5-inch gun accidentally set off a flash several meters away; This was the only loss suffered by his crew during the war. Alaska assumed the role of fighter director; Using his air search radar, he intercepted the fighters and destroyed the Kawasaki K-45 large fighter. On 22 March, the ships arrived at Ulithi and Alaska was detached to rejoin TG 58.4.
After returning to his unit, Alaska continued to call aircraft carriers from Okinawa. On 27 March, she detached to bombard Manamidoto. She was accompanied by Guam, two light cruisers, and Destroyer Squadron 47. During the night of 27–28 March, he fired 45 12-inch shells and 352 5-inch shells at the island. The ships rejoined TG 58.4 at a refueling point, after which they returned to Okinawa to support the landings, which began on 1 April. On the evening of April 11, Alaska shot down one Japanese aircraft, helped destroy another, and claimed what may have been an Ohka piloted rocket bomb. On April 16, the aircraft hit three other aircraft and assisted three others. During the rest of the month, his heavy anti-aircraft helped repel Japanese bombers.
Alaska returned to Ollie for resupply, arriving on May 14. She was assigned to TG 38.4, a reorganized carrier task force. The ship returned to Okinawa, where Alaska continued its anti-aircraft defense role. On June 9, she and Guam bombed OK Ditto. TG 38.4 is moored in San Pedro Bay in Leyte Gulf for rest and maintenance; The ship remained there from June 13 to July 13, where she was escorted by Rear Admiral Francis S. Lowe was assigned to task force 95 with her sister cruiser Guam.
Alaska Class Cruiser
On July 16, Alaska and Guam
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